FreeNAS0.68开发人员手册

作者: FreeNAS Projects Team
翻译,改编: 石磊
版权: 转载请注明出处

FreeNAS0.68开发人员手册

1 安装FreeBSD

1.1 安装

1.2 配置User 和 Shell

1.2.1 安装Bash Shell
1.2.2 配置Bash

1.3 升级FreeBSD宿主系统源代码树

1.3.1 安装CVSup
1.3.2 配置CVSup

1.4 重新编译所有代码

1.4.1 配置/etc/make.conf
1.4.2 编译所有
1.4.2.1 编译安装内核
1.4.2.2 编译安装根
1.4.2.3 升级port

2 安装FreeNAS

2.1 定义系统环境变量

2.2 创建根文件系统

2.2.1 创建工作目录
2.2.2 生成最小root文件系统

2.3 拷贝需要的二进制文件

2.4 准备/etc

2.4.1 安装etc和PHP配置脚本
2.4.2 其他注意事项（自己写，未验证)
2.4.3 配置平台变量
2.4.4 配置 config.xml
2.4.5 时区Zone 信息

2.5 编译内核

2.5.1 添加A100U2 U2W-SCSI-Controller驱动程序

2.5.2 编译并压缩内核

2.5.3 安装模块

2.5.4 添加试验版本的geom RAID 5模块

2.5.6 安装mbr

2.6 安装软件包

2.6.1 PHP5

2.6.1.1 安装 libxml2
2.6.1.2 下载并解压PHP5.2 http://www.php.net
3.6.1.3 写配置文件$FREENAS/usr/local/lib/php.ini

2.6.6 iscsi initiator

2.6.7 Pure-FTPd

2.6.8 samba (CIFS server)

2.6.9 NFS

2.6.10 Netatalk

2.6.10.1 安装Database Berkeley port
2.6.10.2 安装

2.6.11 RSYNC

2.6.12 Unison

2.6.13 scponly

2.6.14 openssh-portable with HPN patch

2.6.20 mDNSReponder (Apple bonjour)

2.7 构建boot loader

3.8 添加库

3.9 添加WebGUI

3.10 创建msfroot

2.11 创建image (为了hard drive 或 CF)

2.12 创建cd-rom

2.12.1 安装CDRTools
2.12.2 创建可引导iso文件

1 安装FreeBSD

1.1 安装

安装FreeBSD 6.2版本只需要分两个区，/ 和 swap。创建一个新用户并加入wheel组。启动SSHD服务。

1.2 配置User 和 Shell

1.2.1 安装Bash Shell

  $pkg_add -r bash  #(-r 表示使用远程下载:ftp)

1.2.2 配置Bash

$chpass username #(更改用户的登录shell=/usr/local/bin/bash,chpass实际会修改/etc/passwd文件）

$cp .profile .bash_profile

在.bash_profile中加入

  PS1＝"［\u@\h:\w]"
  case `id -u` in 0)
  PS1="${PS1}# ";; *)
  PS1="${PS1}$ ";;
  esac

1.3 升级FreeBSD宿主系统源代码树

1.3.1 安装CVSup

CVSup 用于从远程服务器主机上的主CVS仓库发布和升级源代码树的软件包。用户可以用其保持其源代码树更新。

  $pkg_add -r cvsup-without-gui

1.3.2 配置CVSup

CVSup的配置文件为/etc/supfile,可以参考/usr/share/examples/cvsup/下的模板文件撰写(具体参考FreeBSD用户手册附录A)

  $cp /usr/share/examples/cvsup/stable-supfile /etc/supfile
  $cp /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile /etc/ports-supfile

编辑/etc/supfile和/etc/ports-suppfile,寻找并更改下面,表示从那个站点下载 default host=cvsup.fr.FreeBSD.org

*** 1.3.3 更新源码

g ：代表没有GUI －L 2 :显示2级别的输出

  $cvsup -g -L 2 /etc/supfile
  $cvsup -g -L 2 /etc/ports-supfile

1.4 重新编译所有代码

1.4.1 配置/etc/make.conf

安装完所有的FreeBSD的Patches，使用动态库重新编译所有的程序，来节约磁盘空间编辑 /etc/make.conf 加入(可参考/usr/share/examples/etc/make.conf更改/etc/make.conf) NO_SHARED=no

1.4.2 编译所有

1.4.2.1 编译安装内核

  $cd /usr/src
  $make -j4 buildworld  #在/usr/obj下建立一个全新的stable树，-j4表示并行编译4个程序
  $make buildkernel     #建立新的stable缺省内核
  $make installkernel   #安装内核
  $reboot

1.4.2.2 编译安装根

启动时使用单用户模式,给loader传入参数 boot -s

  $fsck -p           #使用preen模式检测文件系统，仅仅修复一部分错误，遇到特殊错误会报错并退出
  $mount -u /        #装载根分区。 -u 表示一个已经mount的磁盘状态应该改变
  $mount -a -t ufs   #-a 表示mount /etc/fstab所有后面 -t 表示的ufs文件系统
  $swapon -a         #打开交换分区。-a 表示使用所有 /etc/fstab中列出的swap,除了noauto
  $adjkerntz -i      #保持cmos中的local和kernel中的UTC时间的offset,－i表示将 adjkerntz 加入启动和关闭中来自动运行，/etc/rc中会加入相应条目。
  $mergemaster -p    #安装系统配置文件的脚本工具，建立一个临时的根环境，把新的配置文件映射到这个环境
  $cd /usr/src
  $make installworld #安装新的stable程序树
  $make delete-old   #
  $mergemaster       #更新/etc配置文件,需要与用户交互，如果是新安装的系统，则直接更新
  $reboot
  $make delete-old-libs

1.4.2.3 升级port

  $pkg_add -r perl
  $cd /usr/ports
  $make index
  $pkg_add -r portupgrade  #安装portupgrade工具，来简化port升级过程
  $portversion -l "<"      #显示需要升级的port
  $portupgrade -arR        #开始升级port,－a升级所有已安装且过时的程序 -r按照依赖关系递归的升级 -R按照需要关系递归的升级

2 安装FreeNAS

安装FreeNAS需要的工具和PHP脚本，如果指令不是很清楚，下载FreeNAS的根文件系统.tgz文件并与你安装的相比较来进行分析。

2.1 定义系统环境变量

   $export WORKINGDIR="/usr/local/freenas"
   $export FREENAS="/usr/local/freenas/rootfs"
   $export BOOTDIR="/usr/local/freenas/bootloader"  #引导程序
   $export CDROOT="/usr/local/freenas/cdroot"       #生成最终cd iso文件的目录

2.2 创建根文件系统

2.2.1 创建工作目录

$mkdir /usr/local/freenas

2.2.2 生成最小root文件系统

下载freenas-create-dir.sh,其内容为：

  #!/bin/sh
  #
  # This script was written by David Courtney of Ultradesic
  # http://www.ultradesic.com
  # E-Mail Contact: minibsd@ultradesic.com
  #
  # Adapted for FreeNAS by Olivier Cochard-Labbé (http://www.freenas.org)
  # Modified by Volker Theile (votdev@gmx.de)

  MINIBSD_DIR=/usr/local/freenas/rootfs;

  # Initialize variables.
  opt_f=0

  # Parse the command-line options.
  while getopts 'fh' option
  do
    case "$option" in
    "f")  opt_f=1;;
    "h")  echo "$(basename $0): Create FreeNAS directory structure";
          echo "Common Options:";
          echo "  -f    Force executing this script";
          exit 1;;
     ?)    echo "$0: Bad option specified. Exiting...";
          exit 1;;
    esac
  done

  shift `expr $OPTIND - 1`

  echo "Create FreeNAS directory structure..."

  if [ ! -z "$1" ]; then
     MINIBSD_DIR=$1;
     echo "Using directory $1.";
  fi

  if [ 1 != $opt_f -a -d "$MINIBSD_DIR" ]; then
     echo ;
     echo "$MINIBSD_DIR already exists. Remove the directory" ;
     echo "before running this script." ;
     echo ;
     echo "Exiting..." ;
     echo ;
     exit 1 ;
   fi ;

   mkdir $MINIBSD_DIR ;
   cd $MINIBSD_DIR ;

   # Create directories
   mkdir boot ;           # fdisk 和bsdlabel使用
   mkdir boot/kernel ;    # 保存kernel 模块
   mkdir bin ;
   mkdir cf ;             # 用于挂载Compact Flash card , Hard disk ..
   mkdir ftmp ;           # 用于通过WebGUI进行防火墙升级时挂载临时的内存文件系统
   mkdir conf.default ;   # 保存出厂时的默认配置文件config.xml
   mkdir dev ;
   mkdir etc ;
   mkdir etc/defaults ;
   mkdir etc/inc ;        # 保存boot脚本和WebGUI所需要的php include文件
   mkdir etc/pam.d ;
   mkdir etc/ssh ;
   mkdir etc/iscsi ;
   mkdir lib ;
   mkdir lib/geom ;
   mkdir libexec ;
   mkdir -m 0777 mnt ;
   mkdir -m 0700 root ;
   mkdir sbin ;
   mkdir usr ;
   mkdir usr/bin ;
   mkdir usr/lib ;
   mkdir usr/lib/aout ;
   mkdir usr/libexec ;
   mkdir usr/local ;
   mkdir usr/local/bin;
   mkdir usr/local/lib ;
   mkdir usr/local/sbin ;
   mkdir usr/local/share ;
   mkdir usr/local/share/locale ;
   mkdir usr/local/etc ;
   mkdir usr/local/www ;           # WebGUI文件
   mkdir usr/local/www/syntaxhighlighter ;
   mkdir usr/sbin ;
   mkdir usr/share ;
   mkdir usr/share/misc ;
   mkdir usr/share/locale ;
   mkdir tmp ;
   mkdir var ;

   # Creating symbolic links. Most of the target files will be created at runtime.
   # 大多数的连接目标文件在FreeNAS运行时生成
   ln -s cf/conf conf
   ln -s /var/run/htpasswd usr/local/www/.htpasswd   #在webGUI运行时用户配置的user/passwd会保存在/var/run/htpasswd中
   ln -s /var/etc/resolv.conf etc/resolv.conf
   ln -s /var/etc/master.passwd etc/master.passwd
   ln -s /var/etc/passwd etc/passwd
   ln -s /var/etc/group etc/group
   ln -s /var/etc/hosts etc/hosts
   ln -s /var/etc/pwd.db etc/pwd.db
   ln -s /var/etc/spwd.db etc/spwd.db
   ln -s /var/etc/crontab etc/crontab
   ln -s /var/etc/ssh/sshd_config etc/ssh/sshd_config
   ln -s /var/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
   ln -s /var/etc/iscsi/targets etc/iscsi/targets
   ln -s /var/etc/pam.d/ftp etc/pam.d/ftp
   ln -s /var/etc/pam.d/ftp etc/pam.d/pure-ftpd
   ln -s /var/etc/pam.d/sshd etc/pam.d/sshd
   ln -s /var/etc/pam.d/login etc/pam.d/login
   ln -s /var/etc/pam.d/system etc/pam.d/system
   ln -s /var/etc/ldap.conf usr/local/etc/ldap.conf
   ln -s /var/etc/nsswitch.conf etc/nsswitch.conf
   ln -s /libexec/ld-elf.so.1 usr/libexec/ld-elf.so.1

2.3 拷贝需要的二进制文件

下载 freenas.files 和 mkmini.pl

freenas.files 包含所有的Freenas需要的二进制文件
mkmini.pl 为perl文件，

运行的命令

  $pkg_add -r perl
  $perl mkmini.pl freenas.files / $FREENAS

freenas.files文件内容为

# freenas.files
# List of files required for a the FreeNAS,
# intended to be parsed by mkmini.pl (script created by Manuel Kasper <mk@neon1.net>)
#
# Lines with colons (':') in them list files that should be hard-linked
# to each other, e.g.
#     bin/link:bin/ln
# instructs mkmini.pl to copy over bin/link, then hard link ln to it.

####### contents of /bin

## Test: condition evaluation utility
bin/[:bin/test

##  cat -- concatenate and print files
bin/cat

## chmod -- change file modes
bin/chmod

## cp -- copy files
bin/cp

## tcsh - C shell with file name completion and command line editing
bin/csh:bin/tcsh

## date -- display or set date and time
bin/date

## dd -- convert and copy a file
bin/dd

##  df -- display free disk space
bin/df

## echo -- write arguments to the standard output
bin/echo

##  expr -- evaluate expression
bin/expr

##  hostname -- set or print name of current host system
bin/hostname

## kill -- terminate or signal a process
bin/kill

## ln, link -- make links
bin/link:bin/ln

## ls -- list directory contents
bin/ls

##  mkdir -- make directories
bin/mkdir

##  mv -- move files
bin/mv

## pax -- read and write file archives and copy directory hierarchies
#bin/pax

##ps -- process status
bin/ps

##pwd -- return working directory name
#Prevent WinSCP to Generate Error message
bin/pwd:bin/realpath

## rm, unlink -- remove directory entries
bin/rm:bin/unlink

##sh -- command interpreter (shell)
bin/sh

## sleep -- suspend execution for an interval of time
bin/sleep

## stty -- set the options for a terminal device interface
bin/stty

## sync -- force completion of pending disk writes (flush cache)
bin/sync


####### contents of /sbin
# adjkerntz -- adjust local time CMOS clock to reflect time zone changes and keep current timezone offset for the kernel
sbin/adjkerntz

## bsdlabel -- read and write disk pack label
sbin/bsdlabel

##devfs -- DEVFS control (NEW from FreeBSD 5.2, replace the )
sbin/devfs

## dhclient -- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) client
sbin/dhclient

## dhclient-script -- DHCP client network configuration script
sbin/dhclient-script

## dmesg -- display the system message buffer
sbin/dmesg

## reboot, halt, fastboot, fasthalt -- stopping and restarting the system
sbin/fastboot:sbin/fasthalt:sbin/halt:sbin/reboot

##  fdisk -- PC slice table maintenance utility
sbin/fdisk

## fsck -- file system consistency check and interactive repair
sbin/fsck

## fsck -- UFS,FFS 4.2BSD file system consistency check and interactive repair
sbin/fsck_ufs:sbin/fsck_ffs:sbin/fsck_4.2bsd

## fsck -- DOS/WINDOWS file system consistency check and interactive repair
sbin/fsck_msdosfs

## Gconcat -- Geom concat
sbin/gconcat

# Growfs -- grow size of an existing ufs file system
sbin/growfs

## gstripe -- Geom stripe
sbin/gstripe

## gmirror -- Geom mirror
sbin/gmirror

# geli -- Control utility for cryptographic GEOM class
sbin/geli

## gpt -- Manipulate GUID partition tables
sbin/gpt

## gvinum -- Volume manager (RAID0,1,5)
sbin/gvinum

## ifconfig -- configure network interface parameters
sbin/ifconfig

## init -- process control initialization
sbin/init

## kldload -- load a file into the kernel
sbin/kldload

## kldstat -- display status of dynamic kernel linker
sbin/kldstat

## kldunload -- unload a file from the kernel
sbin/kldunload

## ldconfig -- configure the shared library cache
sbin/ldconfig

# mdconfig -- configure and enable memory disks
sbin/mdconfig

## mknod -- build special file
sbin/mknod

## mount -- mount file systems
sbin/mount

## mount_std, mount_devfs, mount_fdescfs, mount_linprocfs, mount_procfs -- mount ``standard'' file systems
sbin/mount_devfs:sbin/mount_fdescfs:sbin/mount_linprocfs:sbin/mount_procfs:sbin/mount_std:

## mdmfs, mount_mfs -- configure and mount an in-memory file system using the md(4) driver
sbin/mdmfs

## mount_nullfs -- mount a loopback file system sub-tree; demonstrate the use of a null file system layer
sbin/mount_nullfs

## mount_umapfs -- sample file system layer
sbin/mount_umapfs

## mount_unionfs -- mount union file systems
sbin/mount_unionfs

## mount_msdosfs -- mount MS-DOS file system
sbin/mount_msdosfs

## mount_nfs -- mount NFS file system
sbin/mount_nfs

## mount_nfs4 -- mount NFSv4 file system
sbin/mount_nfs4

## mount_ntfs -- mount NTFS file system: Replaced by NTFS-3G
#sbin/mount_ntfs

## mount_ext2fs -- mount ext2fs file system
sbin/mount_ext2fs

## mount_cd9660 -- mount CDROM file system
sbin/mount_cd9660

## mount_reiserfs -- mount ReiserFS file system
sbin/mount_reiserfs

## mount_udf -- mount UDF file system
sbin/mount_udf

## natd -- Network Address Translation daemon
#sbin/natd

## newsfs -- construct a new UFS1/UFS2 file system
sbin/newfs

## newsfs -- construct a FAT (16/32) file system
sbin/newfs_msdos

##nologin -- politely refuse a login
sbin/nologin

## ping -- send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
sbin/ping

## route -- manually manipulate the routing tables
sbin/route

##  shutdown -- close down the system at a given time
sbin/shutdown

##sysctl -- get or set kernel state
sbin/sysctl

## swapon - Enable swap
sbin/swapon

## swapoff - Disable swap
sbin/swapoff

##tunefs -- tune up an existing file system
sbin/tunefs

## umount -- unmount file systems
sbin/umount

# atacontrol: manage IDE disk
sbin/atacontrol

# camcontrol: manage SCSI disk
sbin/camcontrol

####### contents of /usr/bin
# chgrp: change group
usr/bin/chgrp

# fstat -- identify active files . Fuse mount use fstat
usr/bin/fstat

## FTP/HTTP download tools
usr/bin/fetch

## This utility prevent WinSCP to display error message
usr/bin/groups

## gzip, gunzip, zcat - compress or expand files
usr/bin/gzip:usr/bin/gunzip

## id - displays the user and group names and numeric IDs, of the calling process
usr/bin/id

## killall -- kill processes by name
usr/bin/killall

## logger -- make entries in the system log
usr/bin/logger

##  netstat -- show network status
usr/bin/netstat

## nohup -- invoke a utility immune to hangups
usr/bin/nohup

## passwd -- Change user passwd
usr/bin/passwd

## su -- substitute user identity
usr/bin/su

##scp -- secure copy (remote file copy program)
usr/bin/scp

##ssh -- secure Shell Client (used for RSYNC and Unison over SSH)
# FreeNAS use the port openssh-portable with HPN-SSH patch enabled
# usr/bin/ssh

## tail -- display the last part of a file
usr/bin/tail

## tar -- manipulate tape archives
usr/bin/tar

## top - display and update information about the top cpu processes
usr/bin/top

## touch -- create/change file access and modification times
usr/bin/touch

## uptime -- show how long system has been running
usr/bin/uptime:usr/bin/w


####### contents of /usr/sbin
##  ancontrol -- configure Aironet 4500/4800 devices
usr/sbin/ancontrol

## arp -- address resolution display and control
usr/sbin/arp

#boot0cfg -- boot manager installation/configuration utility
usr/sbin/boot0cfg

## chown -- change file owner and group
usr/sbin/chown

##chroot -- change root directory
usr/sbin/chroot

## cron - The scheduler
usr/sbin/cron

## powerd -- System power control utility
usr/sbin/powerd

## pwd_mkdb -- generate the password databases
usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb

## swapinfo - Give info on the swap disk
usr/sbin/swapinfo

##  traceroute - print the route packets take to network host
usr/sbin/traceroute

# wicontrol -- configure Lucent, Intersil, and Atheros wireless devices
usr/sbin/wicontrol

# NFS server tools
usr/sbin/mountd
usr/sbin/nfsd
usr/sbin/rpcbind
usr/sbin/rpc.lockd
usr/sbin/rpc.statd

# sshd - Daemon program for ssh
# FreeNAS use the port openssh-portable with HPN-SSH patch enabled
#usr/sbin/sshd

####### contents of /usr/libexec
# ld-elf.so.1, ld.so, rtld -- run-time link-editor
libexec/ld-elf.so.1:usr/libexec/ld-elf.so.1

# sft-server
# FreeNAS use the port openssh-portable with HPN-SSH patch enabled
#usr/libexec/sftp-server

####### contents of /usr/share/misc
usr/share/misc/termcap

####### contents of /usr/share/locale
usr/share/locale/en_US.ISO8859-1/*
usr/share/locale/en_US.UTF-8/*
usr/share/locale/la_LN.US-ASCII/*
usr/share/locale/UTF-8/*

####### contents of /usr/local/bin
# nano - a small, free and friendly editor: IT's a port!!!
#usr/local/bin/nano

####### contents of /usr/lib
# PAM libraries
usr/lib/pam_*.so.3

####### contents of /lib/geom
# GEOM tools
lib/geom/*

####### contents of /etc/ssh
# moduli -- system moduli file
etc/ssh/moduli

2.4 准备/etc

2.4.1 安装etc和PHP配置脚本

下载freenas-etc.tgz 并解压缩至$FREENAS/目录

  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/freenas-etc.tgz
  $tar -xzf freenas-etc.tgz -C $FREENAS/

并且确保/etc/rc下的rc.*文件有执行权限 chmod 755

2.4.2 其他注意事项（自己写，未验证)

在主机生成$FREENAS/etc/master.passwd并拷贝至$FREENAS/etc/,通过下列命令生成newpasssword数据库(pwd.db和spwd.db) -p表示重新生成/etc/passwd

  $pwd_mkdb -p -d $FREENAS/etc $FREENAS/etc/master.passwd
  $tar cfvz freenas-tgz $FRRRNAS/etc/*   #为了节省空间，???

2.4.3 配置平台变量

/etc/platform文件非常重要，它标识出image是由什么系统生成的，php脚本使用它确定配置存储在何处以及webGUI中应该显示出的option。可以设置为以下值:

generic-pc
generic-pc-cdrom

  $echo "0.67b" > $FREENAS/etc/version
  $date > $FREENAS/etc/version.buildtime
  $echo "generic-pc-cdrom">$FREENAS/etc/platform

2.4.4 配置 config.xml

下载最新的默认配置文件http://www.freenas.org/downloads/config.xml 拷贝至$FREENAS/conf.defalut/config.xml

  $cd $FREENAS/conf.default/
  $fetch http://www.freenasw.org/downloads/config.xml

2.4.5 时区Zone 信息

FreeNAS将时区信息保存在/usr/share/zoneinfo中，为了保存空间，m0n0wall使用一个stripped down的版本，并将其打包tar...

  $cd $FREENAS/usr/share
  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/zoneinfo.tgz

2.5 编译内核

2.5.1 添加A100U2 U2W-SCSI-Controller驱动程序

  $mkdir a100
  $cd a100
  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/bsd4a100.zip
  $gunzip bsd4a100.zip
  $cp a100.* /usr/src/sys/pci
  $echo "pci/a100.c optional ihb device-driver" >> /usr/src/sys/conf/files

2.5.2 编译并压缩内核

下载FreeNAS的内核配置文件

  $cd /sys/i386/conf/
  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/FREENAS

编译内核和模块

  $config FREENAS                #config 命令产生内核源代码，并命名为FREENAS
  $cd ../compile/FREENAS/        #进入编译目录
  $make cleandepend;make depend  #编译
  $make
  $gzip -9 kernel                #压缩编译出的内核

2.5.3 安装模块

  $cp /sys/i386/compile/FREENAS/modules/usr/src/sys/modules/geom/geom_vinum/geom_vinum.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel
  $cp /sys/i386/compile/FREENAS/modules/usr/src/sys/modules/geom/geom_stripe/geom_stripe.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel
  $cp /sys/i386/compile/FREENAS/modules/usr/src/sys/modules/geom/geom_concat/geom_concat.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel
  $cp /sys/i386/compile/FREENAS/modules/usr/src/sys/modules/geom/geom_mirror/geom_mirror.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel
  $cp /sys/i386/compile/FREENAS/modules/usr/src/sys/modules/geom/geom_gpt/geom_gpt.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel
  ####$cp /sys/i386/compile/FREENAS_GENERIC/modules/usr/src/sys/modules/ntfs/ntfs.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel
  $cp /sys/i386/compile/FREENAS/modules/usr/src/sys/modules/ext2fs/ext2fs.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel/

2.5.4 添加试验版本的geom RAID 5模块

  $cd /usr/src
  $fetch http://home.tiscali.de/cmdr_faako/geom_raid5.tbz
  $tar zxvf geom_raid5.tbz
  $cd /usr/src/sys/modules/geom/geom_raid5/
  $make depend
  $make
  $cp geom_raid5.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel/
  $cd /usr/src/sbin/geom/class/raid5/
  $mkdir /usr/include/geom/raid5
  $cp /usr/src/sys/geom/raid5/g_raid5.h /usr/include/geom/raid5/
  $make depend
  $make
  $make install
  $cp -p /sbin/graid5 $FREENAS/sbin/
  $mkdir $FREENAS/lib/geom/
  $cp geom_raid5.so $FREENAS/lib/geom/

2.5.6 安装mbr

mbr为fdisk用来创建可启动磁盘

  $cp /boot/mbr $FREENAS/boot/

2.6 安装软件包

2.6.1 PHP5

2.6.1.1 安装 libxml2

  $pkg_add -r libxml2

2.6.1.2 下载并解压PHP5.2 http://www.php.net

  $./configure --enable-fastcgi --enable-discard-path --enable-force-cgi-redirect --without-mysql --without-pear --with-openssl --without-sqlite --with-pcre-regex
  $make
  $install -s sapi/cgi/php $FREENAS/usr/local/bin

3.6.1.3 写配置文件$FREENAS/usr/local/lib/php.ini

magic_quotes_gpc = Off
magic_quotes_runtime = Off
max_execution_time = 0
max_input_time = 180
register_argc_argv = Off
file_uploads = On
upload_tmp_dir = /ftmp
upload_max_filesize = 256M
post_max_size = 256M
html_errors = Off
include_path = ".:/etc/inc:/usr/local/www"

2.6.2 Lighthttpd

  $fetch http://www.lighttpd.net/download/lighttpd-1.4.13.tar.gz
  $tar zxvf lighttpd-1.4.13.tar.gz
  $cd lighttpd-1.4.13
  $./configure --sysconfdir=/var/etc/ --enable-lfs --without-mysql --without-ldap --with-openssl --without-lua --with-bzip2 --without-pam
  $make
  $install -s src/lighttpd $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin
  $mkdir $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/lighttpd
  $cp src/.libs/mod_indexfile.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/lighttpd/
  $cp src/.libs/mod_access.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/lighttpd/
  $cp src/.libs/mod_accesslog.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/lighttpd/
  $cp src/.libs/mod_dirlisting.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/lighttpd/
  $cp src/.libs/mod_staticfile.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/lighttpd/
  $cp src/.libs/mod_cgi.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/lighttpd/
  $cp src/.libs/mod_auth.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/lighttpd/
  $cp src/.libs/mod_webdav.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/lighttpd/

2.6.3 clog

clog程序记录所有到子网的连接。它使用pcap 库。

  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/clog-1.0.1.tar.gz
  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/syslogd_clog-current.tgz
  $tar zxvf clog-1.0.1.tar.gz
  $tar zxvf syslogd_clog-current.tgz
  $cd syslogd
  $make
  $install -s syslogd $FREENAS/usr/sbin/
  $cd ../clog
  $gcc clog.c -o clog
  $install -s clog $FREENAS/usr/sbin/

2.6.4 MSNTP

MSNTP为SNTP客户端，与NTP和SNTP服务器通讯显示和设置本地系统时间。可运行于交互模式，cron,或者daemon。

  $cd /usr/ports/net/msntp/
  $make
  $install -s work/msntp-1.6/msntp $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/

配置$FREENAS/usr/local/bin/runmsntp.sh并更改为可执行权限。

  #!/bin/sh

  # write our PID to file
  echo $$ > $1

  # execute msntp in endless loop; restart if it
  # exits (wait 1 second to avoid restarting too fast in case
  # the network is not yet setup)
  while true; do
        /usr/local/bin/msntp -r -P no -l $2 -x $3 $4
        sleep 1
  done

2.6.5 ataidle

ataid处理ata协议硬盘在空闲时间放低转速。

  $cd /usr/ports/sysutils/ataidle
  $make
  $install -s work/ataidle-0.9/ataidle $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

2.6.6 iscsi initiator

  $fetch ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/users/danny/freebsd/iscsi-2.0.1.tar.bz2
  $tar zxvf iscsi-2.0.1.tar.bz2
  $cd sys
  $ln -s /sys/kern .
  $ln -s /sys/tools .
  $cd modules/iscsi_initiator
  $make clean
  $ln -s ../.. @
  $make
  $cp iscsi_initiator.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel/
  $cd ../../../iscontrol/
  $make
  $install -s iscontrol $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

2.6.7 Pure-FTPd

  $cd /root
  $fetch http://download.pureftpd.org/pub/pure-ftpd/releases/pure-ftpd-1.0.21.tar.gz
  $tar zxvf pure-ftpd-1.0.21.tar.gz
  $cd pure-ftpd-1.0.21
  $./configure --with-rfc2640 --with-largefile --with-pam
  $make
  $install -s src/pure-ftpd $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

2.6.8 samba (CIFS server)

fetch http://us2.samba.org/samba/ftp/samba-latest.tar.gz

tar zxvf samba-latest.tar.gz

cd samba-3.0.23d/source/

./configure --without-cups --with-ads --disable-cups --without-ads --with-pam --with-ldapsam --with-acl-support --with-winbind --with-pam_smbpass --with-logfilebase=/var/log/samba --with-piddir=/var/run --with-privatedir=/var/etc/private --with-configdir=/var/etc --with-lockdir=/var/run --with-piddir=/var/run --with-shared-modules=idmap_rid --with-pammodulesdir=/usr/local/lib --with-syslog

make

install samba:

install -s bin/smbd $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

install -s bin/nmbd $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

install -s bin/winbindd $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

install -s bin/smbpasswd $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/

install -s bin/net $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/

install -s nsswitch/nss_winbind.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/

install -s nsswitch/nss_wins.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/

install -s bin/pam_winbind.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/

ln -s $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/nss_winbind.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/nss_winbind.so.1

mkdir $FREENAS/usr/local/samba/lib/idmap

mkdir $FREENAS/usr/local/samba/lib/vfs

install -s bin/rid.so $FREENAS/usr/local/samba/lib/idmap

mkdir $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/samba

mkdir $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/samba/charset

mkdir $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/samba/rpc

mkdir $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/samba/pdb

cp bin/CP*.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/samba/charset

cp codepages/*.dat $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/samba/

cp po/*.* $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/samba/

cp bin/recycle.so $FREENAS/usr/local/samba/lib/vfs

2.6.9 NFS

  $cp /usr/sbin/nfsd $FREENAS/usr/sbin
  $cp /usr/sbin/mountd $FREENAS/usr/sbin
  $cp /usr/sbin/rpcbind $FREENAS/usr/sbin

2.6.10 Netatalk

Netatalk使用AppleTalk协议，为Apple电脑提供文件服务。

2.6.10.1 安装Database Berkeley port

  $cd /usr/ports/databases/db42
  $make
  $make install

2.6.10.2 安装

fetch http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/netatalk/netatalk-2.0.3.tar.gz

tar zxvf netatalk-2.0.3.tar.gz

cd netatalk-2.0.3

./configure --bindir=/usr/local/bin --sbindir=/usr/local/sbin --sysconfdir=/var/etc --localstatedir=/var --enable-largefile --disable-tcp-wrappers --disable-cups --with-pam --with-uams-path=/etc/uams/

install -s etc/afpd/afpd $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

mkdir $FREENAS/etc/uams

cp etc/uams/.libs/uams_passwd.so $FREENAS/etc/uams

cp etc/uams/.libs/uams_dhx_passwd.so $FREENAS/etc/uams

cp etc/uams/.libs/uams_guest.so $FREENAS/etc/uams

cp etc/uams/.libs/uams_randnum.so $FREENAS/etc/uams

cd $FREENAS/etc/uams

ln -s uams_passwd.so uams_clrtxt.so

ln -s uams_dhx_passwd.so uams_dhx.so

cd $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/

cp /usr/local/lib/libdb-4.2.so.2 .

cd $FREENAS/usr/lib/

cp /usr/lib/librpcsvc.so.3 .

2.6.11 RSYNC

RSYNC数据镜像和备份工具。本地／远程，目录之间进行快速同步镜像，远程数据备份等。仅仅更新变动部分。

  $fetch http://samba.anu.edu.au/ftp/rsync/rsync-2.6.9.tar.gz
  $tar zxvf rsync-2.6.9.tar.gz
  $cd rsync-2.6.9
  $./configure --with-rsyncd-conf=/var/etc
  $make
  $install -s rsync $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/

2.6.12 Unison

Unison 目录文件同步工具，与rsync不同为，它同步是双向的。

  $cd /usr/ports/net/unison/
  $make
  $cp work/unison-2.13.16/unison $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/

2.6.13 scponly

为采用ssh加密的sftp提供一个安全的chroot环境，它可以生成一个scponlyc的shell,只能运行scp / sftp等命令，且于rsync,svn,gftp兼容。

  $cd /usr/ports/shells/scponly/

编辑Makefile

WITH_SCPONLY_RSYNC=YES

WITH_SCPONLY_SCP=YES

WITH_SCPONLY_WINSCP=YES

WITH_SCPONLY_UNISON=YES

WITH_SCPONLY_SFTP_LOGGING=YES

编译

  $make
  $install -s work/scponly-4.4/scponly $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/

2.6.14 openssh-portable with HPN patch

启动sshd,sftpd服务编辑/usr/ports/security/openssh-portable/Makefile

HPN "Enable HPN-SSH patch" on \

编译

  $make
  $install -vs work/openssh-4.5p1/sshd $FREENAS/usr/sbin/
  $install -vs work/openssh-4.5p1/sftp-server $FREENAS/usr/libexec/

2.6.15 ntfs-3g

cd /usr/ports/sysutils/fusefs-kmod

make

cp -pv work/fuse4bsd-*/mount_fusefs/mount_fusefs $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

cp -pv work/fuse4bsd-*/fuse_module/fuse.ko $FREENAS/boot/kernel

cd /usr/ports/sysutils/fusefs-ntfs/

make

cp -p work/ntfs-3g-0.20070118-BETA/libntfs-3g/.libs/libntfs-3g.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/libntfs-3g.so.0

install -s work/ntfs-3g-0.20070118-BETA/src/.libs/ntfs-3g $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/

install -s /usr/local/lib/libfuse.so.2 $FREENAS/usr/local/lib/

2.6.16 e2fsck

  $cd /usr/ports/sysutils/e2fsprogs/
  $make
  $install -s work/e2fsprogs-1.39/e2fsck/e2fsck $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

2.6.17 SMART

  $cd /usr/ports/sysutils/smartmontools/
  $make
  $install -s work/smartmontools-5.37/smartctl $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/
  $install -s work/smartmontools-5.37/smartd $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

2.6.18 aaccli

Adaptec SCSI RAID 管理工具，可以用来监控RAID卡状态。

  $cd /usr/ports/sysutils/aaccli/
  $make
  $tar zxvf work/aaccli-1.0_0.tgz
  $cp work/bin/aaccli $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/

2.6.19 beep

  $cd /usr/ports/audio/beep
  $make
  $install -s work/beep/beep $FREENAS/usr/local/bin/

2.6.20 mDNSReponder (Apple bonjour)

一种apple的无须配置的网络连接方式。

  $cd /usr/ports/net/mDNSResponder
  $make
  $install -s work/mDNSResponder-108/mDNSPosix/build/prod/mDNSResponderPosix $FREENAS/usr/local/sbin/

2.7 构建boot loader

使用freenas-create-bootdir.sh生成引导需要的文件。

#!/bin/sh
#
# This script was written by David Courtney of Ultradesic
# http://www.ultradesic.com
# E-Mail Contact: minibsd@ultradesic.com
#
# Adapted for m0n0wall on FreeBSD 6.1 by Olivier Cochard-Labbé (http://www.freenas.org)
# Modified by Volker Theile (votdev@gmx.de)

MINIBSD_DIR=/usr/local/freenas/bootloader;

# Initialize variables.
opt_a=0
opt_d=0
opt_s=0
opt_f=0

# Parse the command-line options.
while getopts 'adfhs' option
do
        case "$option" in
    "a")  opt_a=1;;
    "d")  opt_d=1;;
    "f")  opt_f=1;;
    "s")  opt_s=1;;
    "h")  echo "$(basename $0): Build boot loader";
          echo "Common Options:";
          echo "  -a    Disable ACPI"
          echo "  -d    Enable debug"
          echo "  -s    Enable serial console";
          echo "  -f    Force executing this script";
          exit 1;;
    ?)    echo "$0: Bad option specified. Exiting...";
          exit 1;;
  esac
done

shift `expr $OPTIND - 1`

echo "Building the boot loader..."

if [ -n "$1" ]; then
  MINIBSD_DIR=$1
  echo "Using directory $1."
fi

if [ 1 != $opt_f -a -d "$MINIBSD_DIR" ]; then
  echo
  echo "=> $MINIBSD_DIR already exists. Remove the directory"
  echo "=> before running this script."
  echo
  echo "=> Exiting..."
  echo
  exit 1
fi

# Create the boot directory that will contain boot, and kernel
mkdir $MINIBSD_DIR
mkdir $MINIBSD_DIR/defaults
mkdir $MINIBSD_DIR/kernel

# Copy the file in this directory:
cp -v /boot/defaults/loader.conf $MINIBSD_DIR/defaults
cp -v /boot/loader $MINIBSD_DIR
cp -v /boot/boot $MINIBSD_DIR
cp -v /boot/mbr $MINIBSD_DIR
cp -v /boot/cdboot $MINIBSD_DIR
cp -v /boot/loader.4th $MINIBSD_DIR
cp -v /boot/support.4th $MINIBSD_DIR
cp -v /boot/device.hints $MINIBSD_DIR

# Generate the loader.rc file using by bootloader
echo "Generate $MINIBSD_DIR/loader.rc"
echo 'include /boot/loader.4th
start
check-password' > $MINIBSD_DIR/loader.rc

# Generate the loader.conf file using by bootloader
echo "Generate $MINIBSD_DIR/loader.conf"
echo 'mfsroot_load="YES"
mfsroot_type="mfs_root"
mfsroot_name="/mfsroot"
autoboot_delay="-1"' > $MINIBSD_DIR/loader.conf
# Enable debug?
if [ 0 != $opt_d ]; then
  echo 'verbose_loading="YES"' >> $MINIBSD_DIR/loader.conf
  echo 'boot_verbose=""' >> $MINIBSD_DIR/loader.conf
fi
# Enable serial console?
if [ 0 != $opt_s ]; then
  echo 'console="comconsole"' >> $MINIBSD_DIR/loader.conf
fi

# Disable ACPI?
if [ 0 != $opt_a ]; then
  echo 'hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"' >> $MINIBSD_DIR/device.hints
fi

# Copy kernel.
if [ -e "/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/FREENAS/kernel.gz" ] ; then
  cp /usr/obj/usr/src/sys/FREENAS/kernel.gz $MINIBSD_DIR/kernel
else
  echo "=> ERROR: File kernel.gz does not exist!";
  exit 1;
fi

FreeBSD启动顺序

1 boot0 为MBR(位于硬盘1扇区)。对应LILO。使用boot0cfg安装，默认基于/boot/boot0。446字节。 MBR 包括主引导程序、硬盘分区表且以0x55AA结尾。显示可选择的引导操作系统。可以用FreeBSD的MBR覆盖现有的MBR $fdisk -B -b /boot/boot0 device device为要写入的磁盘名，如ad0,ad2(ide);da0(scsi)

2 boot1 与boot2 与boot2都属于同一个程序/boot/boot，处于磁盘的相同区域（文件系统外，引导分区的第一个轨道，第一个扇区），但由于空间限制，被分为两部分。可以使用bsdlabel更改。

boot1 识别存储这分区信息的bsdlabel,并寻找执行boot2。
boot2 可以理解FreeBSD的文件系统，可以选择内核和加载器。

3 booter 最后阶段，放置在文件系统中，为/boot/loader. 使用友好的配置方式，使用内建的命令集。

1 探测控制台和磁盘，识别从那个盘引导，来设置变量
2 读取运行/boot/loader.rc ,loader.rc读取/boot/defaults/loader.conf设置默认变量
3 loader.rc读取/boot/loader.conf对读取/boot/defaults/loader.conf的变量作本地修改。

3.8 添加库

需要的动态连接库还没有添加。通过下载mklibs.pl并在root文件系统上运行来创建。

  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/mklibs.pl
  $perl mklibs.pl $FREENAS > freenas.libs
  $perl mkmini.pl freenas.libs / $FREENAS
  $cp -p /usr/lib/pam_*.so.3 $FREENAS/usr/lib
  $cd /usr/ports/security/pam_ldap/
  $make install
  $cp -p /usr/local/lib/pam_ldap.so $FREENAS/usr/local/lib
  $cp /libexec/ld-elf.so.1 $FREENAS/libexec
  $mkdir $FREENAS/lib/geom
  $cp /lib/geom/geom
  $cp /lib/geom

3.9 添加WebGUI

下载FreeNAS GUI 文件并拷贝他们到$FREENAS/usr/local/www 确保所有的.php文件有执行权限 chmod 755

  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/freenas-gui.tgz
  $tar -zxvf freenas-gui.tgz -C $FREENAS

3.10 创建msfroot

创建一个压缩的系统文件，它被用来运行在RAM disk上。其中为根文件系统，不包括引导程序。首先下载并运行freenas-create-msfroot.sh脚本来创建一个用0填充的image文件。目前的大小为32MB。如果你添加了大的部件，需要提高其容量。

  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/freenas-create-msfroot.sh
  $./freenas-create-msfroot.sh

它的内容为

#!/bin/sh
# Generate the mfs ROOT file system

#Setting directory

WORKINGDIR="/usr/local/freenas"
FREENAS="/usr/local/freenas/rootfs"
CDROOT="/usr/local/freenas/cdroot"
BOOTDIR="/usr/local/freenas/bootloader"

#lauching the script

# Remove old file
if [ $WORKINGDIR/mfsroot.gz ] ; then
        echo ;
        echo "mfsroot.gz already exists.  Removing this file" ;
        echo ;
    rm $WORKINGDIR/mfsroot.gz;
    #exit ;
fi ;

# umount the /mnt directory
umount /mnt

# Remove the memory file
mdconfig -d -u 0

# Create a 32Mb empty file
dd if=/dev/zero of=$WORKINGDIR/mfsroot bs=1k count=32768

# Configure this file as a virtual disk
mdconfig -a -t vnode -f $WORKINGDIR/mfsroot -u 0

# Create Label on this disk
bsdlabel -w md0 auto

# format it
newfs -b 8192 -f 1024 -o space -m 0 /dev/md0c

# Mount it
mount /dev/md0c /mnt

# Copy the file on it
cd /mnt
tar -cf - -C $FREENAS ./ | tar -xvpf -
cd $WORKINGDIR

# umount the /mnt directory
umount /mnt

# Remove the memory file
mdconfig -d -u 0
echo Compresing....
gzip -9 mfsroot

mdconfig 创建并使用内存磁盘
1 从系统中移走内存磁盘

 $mdconf -d -u 4

释放/dev/md4使用的所有资源。－d 从系统释放内存磁盘并释放所有的资源。－u 指定一个md设备单元号，而不使用自动生成的。

2 挂载已经存在的映像文件

 $mdconfig -a -t vnode -f diskimage -u 0

a 挂接一个内存磁盘到系统
t type 选择内存磁盘的类型
malloc：使用malloc分配空间 vnode: 与之后的-f filename配合，用该文件保存内存磁盘内容 swap: 使用swap空间保存内存磁盘的内容－dd 把指定的输入文件转换到输出文件，并可以进行格式转换。

<exmaple>$dd if=/dev/zero of=newimage bs=1k count=5k</example>

if：输入文件 of：输出文件 bs: 一次的读写字节数（缓冲区） count: 只拷贝输入的多少块（次），每次单位为bs字节

bsdlabel
fdisk用来划分主分区（slice),它的操作对象是硬盘的第一个扇区（MBR),在MBR中写入标准引导程序（boot0），以及主分区的分区信息。

bsdlabel用来在主分区中划分逻辑分区，操作对象是硬盘中主分区的第一个扇区，用来写入boot1和boot2，以及位于该主分区中的逻辑分区的分区信息以及标识号。

  $bsdlabel -B -w /dev/ad0s1 auto

－B 表示在该主分区ad0s1中写入该主分区的引导记录boot1,boot2。

w 表示写入。 auto表示在主分区中自动划出一个逻辑分区
newfs 创建文件系统

  $newfs -b 8192 -f 1024 -o space -m 0 /dev/md0c

b block 大小
f fragment 大小
o 优化选项 space 或者是 time
m 保留的未使用空间默认为10%

md0c ，c为所有的分区
tar

    $tar -cf - -C $FREENAS ./ | tar -xvpf -

c 创建
f 指定存档
C 转到指定的目录

2.11 创建image (为了hard drive 或 CF)

与创建mfsroot类似。使用freenas-create-image.sh 内容为mfsroot+引导程序

  $fetch http://freenas.org/downloads/freenas-create-image.sh
  $./freenas-create-image.sh

下面是其内容

#!/bin/sh
# FreeNAS script for generating .img

# setting variables
FREENAS="/usr/local/freenas/rootfs"
WORKINGDIR="/usr/local/freenas"
CDROOT="/usr/local/freenas/imgroot"
BOOTDIR="/usr/local/freenas/bootloader"
PLATFORM="generic-pc"
VERSION=`cat $FREENAS/etc/version`
ISOFILENAME="FreeNAS-$PLATFORM-$VERSION.img"

# Remove old directory
if [ -d $CDROOT ] ; then
        echo ;
        echo "$CDROOT already exists.  Removing this directory" ;
        echo ;
        echo ;
    rm -rf $CDROOT;
    #exit ;
fi ;

if [ $WORKINGDIR/$ISOFILENAME ] ; then
        echo ;
        echo "$ISOFILENAME already exists.  Removing this directory" ;
        echo ;
        echo ;
    rm $WORKINGDIR/$ISOFILENAME;
    #exit ;
fi ;

echo $PLATFORM > $FREENAS/etc/platform
date > $FREENAS/etc/version.buildtime
$WORKINGDIR/freenas-create-mfsroot.sh
echo Generating $CDROOT folder
mkdir $CDROOT

#Creating a 16Mb empty file
dd if=/dev/zero of=image.bin bs=1k count=18432

#use this file as a virtual RAM disk
mdconfig -a -t vnode -f image.bin -u 0

#Create partition on this disk
fdisk -BI -b $BOOTDIR/mbr /dev/md0

#Create label on this disk
bsdlabel -B -w -b $BOOTDIR/boot /dev/md0 auto
bsdlabel md0 >/tmp/label.$$
bsdlabel md0 |
     egrep unused |
     sed "s/c:/a:/" |
     sed "s/unused/4.2BSD/" >>/tmp/label.$$
bsdlabel -R -B md0 /tmp/label.$$
rm -f /tmp/label.$$

#Create filesystem on this disk
newfs -b 8192 -f 1024 -o space -m 0 /dev/md0a

#Mount this disk
mount /dev/md0a $CDROOT
cp $WORKINGDIR/mfsroot.gz $CDROOT
mkdir $CDROOT/boot
mkdir $CDROOT/boot/kernel $CDROOT/boot/defaults
mkdir $CDROOT/conf
cp $FREENAS/conf.default/config.xml $CDROOT/conf
cp $BOOTDIR/kernel/kernel.gz $CDROOT/boot/kernel
cp $BOOTDIR/boot $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/loader $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/loader.conf $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/loader.rc $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/loader.4th $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/support.4th $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/defaults/loader.conf $CDROOT/boot/defaults/
cp $BOOTDIR/device.hints $CDROOT/boot
umount $CDROOT
mdconfig -d -u 0
gzip -9 image.bin
mv image.bin.gz $ISOFILENAME

# Cleaning directory and temp file
if [ $WORKINGDIR/mfsroot.gz ] ; then
        echo ;
        echo "cleaning mfsroot.gz" ;
        echo ;
    rm $WORKINGDIR/mfsroot.gz
fi;

if [ -d $CDROOT ] ; then
        echo ;
        echo "cleaning $CDROOT by Removing this directory" ;
        echo ;
        echo ;
    rm -rf $CDROOT;
fi;

2.12 创建cd-rom

2.12.1 安装CDRTools

在创建可引导CD之前，我们必须安装CDRTools

  $cd /usr/ports/sysutils/cdrtools
  $make
  $make install

2.12.2 创建可引导iso文件

使用freenas-create-cd.sh

  $fetch http://www.freenas.org/downloads/freenas-create-cd.sh
  $./freenas-create-cd.sh

脚本内容为

#!/bin/sh
# FreeNAS script for generating iso file
FREENAS="/usr/local/freenas/rootfs"
WORKINGDIR="/usr/local/freenas"
CDROOT="/usr/local/freenas/cdroot"
BOOTDIR="/usr/local/freenas/bootloader"
PLATFORM="generic-pc-cdrom"
VERSION=`cat $FREENAS/etc/version`
ISOFILENAME="FreeNAS-$VERSION.iso"

#remove old directory
if [ -d $CDROOT ] ; then
        echo ;
        echo "$CDROOT already exists.  Removing this directory" ;
        echo "before running this script." ;
        echo ;
        #echo "Exiting..." ;
        echo ;
    rm -rf $CDROOT;
    #exit ;
fi ;

echo "$PLATFORM" > $FREENAS/etc/platform
date > $FREENAS/etc/version.buildtime
$WORKINGDIR/freenas-create-mfsroot.sh

rm $WORKINGDIR/$ISOFILENAME
echo Generating $CDROOT folder
mkdir $CDROOT
cp $WORKINGDIR/mfsroot.gz $CDROOT
mkdir $CDROOT/boot
mkdir $CDROOT/boot/kernel $CDROOT/boot/defaults
cp $BOOTDIR/kernel/kernel.gz $CDROOT/boot/kernel
cp $BOOTDIR/cdboot $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/loader $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/loader.conf $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/loader.rc $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/loader.4th $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/support.4th $CDROOT/boot
cp $BOOTDIR/defaults/loader.conf $CDROOT/boot/defaults/
cp $BOOTDIR/device.hints $CDROOT/boot

###### BEGIN: NEW RELEASE CHANGE ######
$WORKINGDIR/freenas-create-image.sh
cp $WORKINGDIR/FreeNAS-generic-pc-$VERSION.img $CDROOT/FreeNAS-generic-pc.gz
###### END: NEW RELEASE CHANGE ######

mkisofs -b "boot/cdboot" -no-emul-boot -A "FreeNAS CD-ROM image" -c "boot/boot.catalog" -d -r -publisher "freenas.org" -p "Olivier Cochard" -V "freenas_cd" -o "$ISOFILENAME" $CDROOT

if [ -d $CDROOT ] ; then
        echo ;
        echo "Cleaning directory" ;
        echo ;
        echo ;
            rm -rf $CDROOT;
rm mfsroot.gz;
            #exit ;
fi ;

Shi Lei's Homepage -- FreeNAS0.68开发人员手册

FreeNAS0.68开发人员手册

1 安装FreeBSD

1.1 安装

1.2 配置User 和 Shell

1.2.1 安装Bash Shell

1.2.2 配置Bash

1.3 升级FreeBSD宿主系统源代码树

1.3.1 安装CVSup

1.3.2 配置CVSup

1.4 重新编译所有代码

1.4.1 配置/etc/make.conf

1.4.2 编译所有

1.4.2.1 编译安装内核

1.4.2.2 编译安装根

1.4.2.3 升级port

2 安装FreeNAS

2.1 定义系统环境变量

2.2 创建根文件系统

2.2.1 创建工作目录

2.2.2 生成最小root文件系统

2.3 拷贝需要的二进制文件

2.4 准备/etc

2.4.1 安装etc和PHP配置脚本

2.4.2 其他注意事项 （自己写，未验证)

2.4.3 配置平台变量

2.4.4 配置 config.xml

2.4.5 时区Zone 信息

2.5 编译内核

2.5.1 添加A100U2 U2W-SCSI-Controller驱动程序

2.5.2 编译并压缩内核

2.5.3 安装模块

2.5.4 添加试验版本的geom RAID 5模块

2.5.6 安装mbr

2.6 安装软件包

2.6.1 PHP5

2.6.1.1 安装 libxml2

2.6.1.2 下载并解压PHP5.2 http://www.php.net

3.6.1.3 写配置文件$FREENAS/usr/local/lib/php.ini

2.6.2 Lighthttpd

2.6.3 clog

2.6.4 MSNTP

2.6.5 ataidle

2.6.6 iscsi initiator

2.6.7 Pure-FTPd

2.6.8 samba (CIFS server)

2.6.9 NFS

2.6.10 Netatalk

2.6.10.1 安装Database Berkeley port

2.6.10.2 安装

2.6.11 RSYNC

2.6.12 Unison

2.6.13 scponly

2.6.14 openssh-portable with HPN patch

2.6.15 ntfs-3g

2.6.16 e2fsck

2.6.17 SMART

2.6.18 aaccli

2.6.19 beep

2.6.20 mDNSReponder (Apple bonjour)

2.7 构建boot loader

3.8 添加库

3.9 添加WebGUI

3.10 创建msfroot

2.11 创建image (为了hard drive 或 CF)

2.12 创建cd-rom

2.12.1 安装CDRTools

2.12.2 创建可引导iso文件

2.4.2 其他注意事项（自己写，未验证)